虚拟语气高考真题

以下是一些涉及虚拟语气的高考真题及解析：

一、与现在事实相反的虚拟语气

1. 2018年江苏卷

   • 题目：There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I _______(have) a second chance to become more involved.
   • 解析：I wish that从句表示与现在事实相反，应用一般过去时。故填“had”。

2. 2014陕西卷

   • 题目：We would rather our daughter ________(stay) at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.
   • 解析：would rather后接从句时，从句谓语要用虚拟语气，对现在或将来的情况进行虚拟，从句谓语动词用一般过去时；对过去的情况进行虚拟，从句谓语动词用过去完成时。本句指现在的情况，故填“stayed”。

3. 2013浙江卷

   • 题目：Eye doctors recommend that a child's first eye exam ______ at the age of six months old.
   • 解析：recommend后接宾语从句时，从句谓语要用虚拟语气，即“（should）+动词原形”，故填“be”。

二、与过去事实相反的虚拟语气

1. 2020年江苏卷

   • 题目：If I hadn’t been faced with so many barriers, I ________(not be) where I am.
   • 解析：本句是错综条件句，主句与现在事实相反，从句与过去事实相反，故从句用过去完成时，主句用would do，填“wouldn’t be”。

2. 2019年天津卷

   • 题目：The workers were not better organized, otherwise they ________(accomplish) the task in half the time.
   • 解析：otherwise引导含蓄条件句，相当于“If the workers had been better organized”，表示与过去事实相反，应用would have done，故填“would have accomplished”。

3. 2018年北京卷

   • 题目：They might have found a better hotel if they ________(drive) a few more kilometers.
   • 解析：if虚拟条件句与过去事实相反，应用过去完成时，故填“had driven”。

4. 2014天津卷

   • 题目：______ the morning train, he would not have been late for the meeting.
   • 解析：根据主句“he would not have been late for the meeting”可知，从句表示与过去事实相反的情况，应用过去完成时，且if条件句省略时，需将助动词had提前，故填“Had he caught”。

5. 2013重庆卷

   • 题目：-I trained cats and dogs this morning. I'm glad we took an umbrella. -Yeah, we would have got wet all over if we ________.
   • 解析：根据语境可知，此处表示与过去事实相反的情况，即如果我们没有带伞，就会全身湿透，应用过去完成时，且if条件句省略时，需将助动词had提前并省略，故填“hadn't”。

6. 2012天津卷

   • 题目：We would have called at Xia Yi yesterday if Harold _______ us a ride home.
   • 解析：根据主句“We would have called at Xia Yi yesterday”可知，从句表示与过去事实相反的情况，应用过去完成时，且if条件句省略时，需将助动词had提前并省略，故填“hadn't offered”。

7. 2012湖南卷

   • 题目：Sorry, I am too busy now. If I ________(have) time, I would certainly go for an outing with you.
   • 解析：根据语境可知，此处表示与现在事实相反的假设，但从句中说的是过去的情况，故用过去完成时，填“had had”。

8. 高考模拟题

   • 题目：If we ________(make) adequate preparations, the conference wouldn’t have been so successful.
   • 解析：在虚拟条件句中，表示与过去事实相反的情况，从句用过去完成时，主句用would have done的形式。句意：如果我们没有做好充分的准备，会议就不会这样成功，故填“hadn’t made”。

三、错综时间条件句（混合虚拟语气）

1. 2014北京卷

   • 题目：We ________(be) back in the hotel now if you didn't lose the map.
   • 解析：根据时间状语now可知，主句表示与现在事实相反的情况，应用would do；从句表示与过去事实相反的情况，应用过去完成时，故填“would be”。

2. 2013北京卷

   • 题目：If we ________(book) a table earlier, we couldn't be standing here in a queue.
   • 解析：根据语境可知，从句表示与过去事实相反的情况，应用过去完成时；主句表示与现在事实相反的情况，但此处是含有否定词couldn't的肯定句，故填“had booked”。

3. 高考模拟题

   • 题目：If I had worked hard at school, I ________(be) an engineer, too.
   • 解析：条件为过去（If I had worked hard at school），结果为现在（I would be an engineer），是错综时间条件句，故填“would be”。

以上是一些涉及虚拟语气的高考真题及解析，涵盖了与现在、过去事实相反的虚拟语气以及错综时间条件句（混合虚拟语气）的用法。希望这些题目和解析能帮助考生更好地理解和掌握虚拟语气的用法。